Kingdom of Fergana The Kingdom of Fergana existed between the 3rd century BC and 6th century AD in what is now the Ferghana Valley of eastern Uzbekistan. Ethnic Stock – Turko Mongol prince from Ferghana, a small kingdom east of Samarkand. The Greco-Bactrian kingdom refers to several dynasties and probably kingdoms of Greco-Macedonian monarchs who ruled over Bactria from 250 to 130 BCE.. Foundation. The region was rich in gold, and it… Fergana is about 420 km east of Tashkent, about 75 km west of Andijan, and less than 20 km from the Kyrgyzstan border. An easy read, based in fact but not too full of detail. The ancient region of Ferghana or Farghana lay largely within modern Tajikistan (today Fergana or Fargana is more common). The purpose of the visit is that your father, Yu Lushan has been invited by the Tang imperial court to discuss the purchase of some horses from the Ferghana Valley, which are prized by the Tang military. The rulers of the region were known by their titles of “ikhshid” and “dehqan”. Father – Umar Shaikh, ruler of Ferghana. Just Ferghana, a kingdom not two hundred miles long or one hundred wide. Determined to emulate his warrior ancestors, Babur's hunger for an empire leads him to attempt to re-establish Timur's legacy around the fabled city of Samarkand, accompanied by his loyal army of followers. Nevertheless, Farghana remained out of Arab control from 715 until late 700s. Farghana, along with Khujand, was shortly raided after Qutayba's victory over Gurak. The first written references to the empire are those of Arabic geographers and historians from the 8th century, and it seems certain that, by 800, Ghana had become rich and powerful. By 1000 B.C.E., the nation had undergone strategic expansion and taken control of a large pocket of land between the upper Niger and Senegal Rivers. The most sought-after steeds were known as "blood-sweating horses"; raised in the western kingdom of Ferghana, they were sent in great numbers as tribute to the emperor. During its construction, the canal and the city were widely photographed by the noted photographer Max Penson. An unconfirmed tradition dates the origins of the kingdom to the 4th century ce. Fergana Valley, enormous depression between the Tien Shan and Gissar and Alay mountain systems, lying mainly in eastern Uzbekistan and partly in Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. It was invaded by the Umayyad Arab general Qutayba ibn Muslim during the Muslim conquest of Transoxiana. The Great Fergana Canal, built almost entirely by hand during the 1930s, passes through the northern part of the city and was completed in 1939. While the area has been populated for thousands of years, the modern city was founded in 1876. The capital of the principality was Akhsikath. Fergana is about 420 km east of Tashkent, about 75 km west of Andijan, and less than 20 km from the Kyrgyzstan border. The realm of Euthydemus of Bactria is a large one, including Sogdiana and Ferghana to the north, and Margiana and Aria to the west. Source 2: Pogoda.ru.net (mean temperatures/humidity/rainy and snow days 1981–2010, record low and record high temperatures), Museum of Local Studies – with displays of natural history, photographs, and local handicrafts, Regional Theatre – in 1877 the house of General, This page was last edited on 11 March 2021, at 10:58. The whole of Bactria, Transoxiana and the area of Ferghana remained under the control of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire until 250 BCE. The region then wrested independence under the leadership of its Greek governors Diodotus of Bactria, to become the Greco-Bactrian … Winters are cool and short, with a daily average low temperature of −2.8 °C (27 °F) and a daily average high of 4.6 °C (40 °F) in January; summers are hot, with an average low temperature of 20.3 °C (69 °F) and an average high of 34.7 °C (94 °F) in July. Fergana, on the route to the Chinese Tarim Basin from the west, remained at the boundaries of a number of classical era empires. While the army of Karzanj was staying at Khujand, at-Tar betrayed him, and told the Umayyad general Sa'id ibn Amr al-Harashi where Karzanj and his army was stationing. By this time Ustrushana is a relatively important military and trading centre along the eastern borders of Sogdiana. Ferghana was in 740 ravaged by another Umayyad general named Nasr ibn Sayyar. The earliest of these mythical Indo-Iranian rulers is Fereydun, king of a 'world empire'. However, archeological evidence demonstrates that the city had been populated since the Chalcolithic period. Al-Harashi quickly marched towards Khujand, where he defeated the army of Karzanj, brutally massacring over 3,000 Sogdian inhabitants in the city. Descended from Timur on father’s side and from Genghis Khan on his mother’s. Competition from other states in the gold trade eventually took its toll. Khotan was the capital of the ancient kingdom of Yutian, beginning in the 3rd century BCE. The population of Fergana city was approximately 282,000 as of October 1, 2018. The rulers of the region were known by their titles of “ikhshid” and “dehqan”. In 715, Qutayba completely subdued Farghana, and made it a vassal state of the Umayyad Caliphate. Reviewed in the United Kingdom on June 6, 2013. The principality of Farghana was under Western Turk rule until it was destroyed by Tang China in 657 and after that under the Anxi Protectorate. Just as Uzbekistan is the heart of Central Asia, the Ferghana Valley is the heart of Uzbekistan. In 729, an ikhshid of Farghana aided the Turgesh during the Siege of Kamarja, and two years later the Turgesh was aided by Ferghana during the Battle of the Defile. The Principality of Farghana (also spelled Ferghana, Fergana, and Fargana), was a local Iranian dynasty of Sogdian origin, which ruled the Farghana region from an unknown date to 819. The rulers of the region were known by their titles of “ikhshid” and “dehqan”. It takes place in the kingdom of Ferghana, which was once on the eastern fringe of Alexander's empire. His only son, Babur, faces a seemingly impossible challenge. Fergana (Uzbek: Fargʻona/Фарғона, Russian: Фергана́), or Ferghana, is the capital of Fergana Region in eastern Uzbekistan. Most of what we know about ancient Ghana — which is more accurately called Wagadugu — is based on writings of Arab travelers who came in contact with the nation's peoples. At-tar promised to give them protection in case their rebellion turned into a failure. In 1504, Prince Babar, who but three months before had been forced to leave his kingdom of Ferghana as a homeless exile, appeared before Kabul and took it. His subjects are the Indo-Iranian tribes of the region while his kingdom of Turan is apparently in the land of TÅ«r (or Turaj). I found this book very informative and enjoyed the way the it was written. In 750, the Umayyad Caliphate fell, and was replaced by the Abbasid Caliphate. Fergana has been a center for oil production in the Fergana Valley since the region's first oil refinery was built near the city in 1908. In cities such as Panjikant and Pai, the Sogdians revolted; the most dangerous being the rebellion of 720-722 under Divashtich and Karzanj, who gained the support of the ikhshid of Ferghana, known as at-Tar (also spelled Alutar). Kingdom Capital De jure duchies De jure empire Counties Special requirements AI additional requirements Title ID Alternative names ... Soghd, Badakhshan, Khuttal, Osrushana, Ferghana, Khorezm, Uzboy Turan k_transoxiana Persia Isfahan Isfahan, Kirman, Yazd, Rayy, Hamadan, Fars, Hormuz, Khuzestan, Kermanshah Persian Empire 36 k_persia Annual precipitation is less than 200mm, and is higher in winter and autumn. Look at it – a place of sheep and goats grazing in valleys ringed on three sides by mountains.' Nothing is known of the political history of Ghana under its early kings. Dates of renaming taken from Adrian Room, Uzbekistan's Fergana Refinery is upgraded with EBRD finance 1997, "Average monthly data about air temperature and precipitation in 13 regional centers of the Republic of Uzbekistan over period from 1981 to 2010", "Weather and Climate – The Climate of Fergana", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fergana&oldid=1011528035, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Russian-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2021, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Source 1: Centre of Hydrometeorological Service of Uzbekistan. It is bordered on the northwest by the The Chines authors say it had 70 large and small Length of rule in India – 4 years [1526 – 1530]. The wealth that the kingdom acquired did not, however, serve in its favor forever. living in the Ferghana Valley. The capital of the principality was Akhsikath. Ferghana is also subjugated by 715. Fergana first appears in written records in the 5th-century. Fergana has a cold desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWk). The little-known pre-Achaemenid kingdom of Aryana Vaejah, which translates as the 'expanse of the Aryans', could be ... Ferghana's ruler, at-Tar, faces annihilation until relief arrives in the form of the Türgish khagan of the Western Göktürks, Sulu. Gillian Bradshaw’s Horses of Heaven is a historical fantasy set in a place and time far from fantasy’s beaten path: central Asia in 140 B.C. His Empire in 1530 included Afghanistan , Kashmir, Punjab, Bihar and Malwa. The Greco-Bactrian kingdom appeared in 250 BCE, when the satrap Diodotos (or Theodotus in Latin) rebelled against his Seleucid ruler, Antiochos II, knowing that Antiochus was occupied struggling against the … He was buried in Andijan. [4], sfn error: no target: CITEREFLitvinskyDani1984 (, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Principality_of_Farghana&oldid=997727446, States and territories disestablished in the 9th century, States and territories established in the 8th century, Articles lacking in-text citations from February 2015, Articles needing additional references from February 2015, All articles needing additional references, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Autonomous principality, at times client of the, This page was last edited on 1 January 2021, at 23:15. Since then, more refineries have been added, and Fergana is one of the most important centers of oil refining in Uzbekistan. "Ghana" was actually the title given to Wagadugu kings and was used by the Islamic "reporters" to describe the rich and mysterious place they observed. Like many other Central Asian places in the 6th and 7th-centuries, Fergana was ruled by the Western Turkic Khaganate. While the area has been populated for thousands of years, the modern city was founded in 1876. In 819, the governor of Khurasan, Ghassan ibn 'Abbad, appointed the Samanid prince Ahmad ibn Asad as the ruler of Farghana, thus marking the end of the ancient dynasty which ruled Farghana. Ferghana, at its start, is a Sunni Uzbek iqta located in the Arys and Ferghana areas, Central Asia region, Tartary subcontinent of the Asia continent. [1] He then marched towards Zarafshan, where he defeated and captured Divashtich, who was later executed. The new kingdom, highly urbanized and considered as one of the richest of the Orient (opulentissimum illud mille urbium Bactrianum imperium "The extremely prosperous Bactrian empire of the thousand cities" Justin, XLI,1), was to further grow in power and engage in territorial expansion to … It is located at the western end of the Tarim basin in what is today Xinjiang Province of China. However, an army under the Turgesh khagan Suluk came to the rescue for their Ferghanian allies, and won a crushing victory over the Arabs in the so-called "Day of Thirst". Some of the industrial development was a result of Evacuation in the Soviet Union during World War II.[3].
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